13 TENSES – CÁC THÌ TRONG TIẾNG ANH
TENSES | Present Simple (HTĐ) Vs/es | Past Simple (QKĐ) V2/ed | Future Simple (TLĐ) Will Vo |
(+) | (+) S + V1(s/es) | (+) S + V2/ed | (+) S + will + V0 |
(-) | (-) S + do/does not + Vo | (-) S + did not + V0 | (-) S + won’t + V0 |
(?) | (?) Do/does + S +Vo? | (?) Did + S + V0...? | (?) Will + S + V0...? |
PASSIVE | AM/IS/ARE + V3 | WAS/WERE+ V3 | WILL BE + V3 |
USAGES |
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“Ann is in the hospital.” “Oh, really? I didn’t know. I will go and visit her.” Lời hứa, đề nghị I promise I will study better next semester |
SIGNALS | -always, constantly -often, usually, frequently -sometimes, occasionally -seldom, hardly ever, rarely, never -every day/ week/ month, once/ twice/ 3 times a week - S will Vo + when/until/as soon as/before + S+ V1(s/es) He will leave as soon as he meets her | -yesterday, - last night Sunday - 3 days ago, long time ago, - in 2000, last - The last time + S+V2 - since + S+V2 | Next week/Tomorrow Someday/Soon/In 2050 I promise/think/hope/expect (that) S + will + V Mệnh đề thời gian ở tương laià After /Until + S + V1/Vs,es /have_has V3 is/am/are going to + V
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TENSES | Present Continuous (HTTD) Am/is/are Ving | Past Continuous (QKTD) Was/were Ving | Future Continuous (TLTD) Will be Ving |
(+) | (+) S + is/am/are + V_ING | (+) S + was/ were + Ving | (+) S + will + be Ving |
(-) | (-) S + is/am/are not + V_ING | (-) S + was/ were not + Ving. | (-) S + won’t + be Ving |
(?) | (?) Is/am/are + S + V_ING..? | (?) Was/ were + S + Ving? | (?) Will + S + be Ving...? |
PASSIVE | AM/IS/ARE + BEING V3 | WAS/WERE + BEING V3 | WILL BE + BEING V3 |
USAGES |
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đang xảy ra thì bị xen ngang When I came yesterday, he was sleeping.
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Xu hướng tương lai In the next 10 years, all Vietnamese people will be using mobile phone. |
SIGNALS | - now, right now at present, at the moment, always (để phàn nàn) - Look ! , Listen ! | -at this time/ at that time + time (last/ago/yesterday) -7 o’clock yesterday -when/ while/ as... | At 8.00/ At this time + time (next, tomorrow) In the next 5 years, ... |
TENSES | Present Perfect (HTHT) Have V3 | Past Perfect (QKHT) Had V3 | Future Perfect (TLHT) Will have V3 |
(+) | (+) S + have/ has + V3 | (+) S + had + V3 | S + will + have + V3 |
(-) | (-) S + have/ has not + V3 | (-) S + had + not + V3 | (-) S + won’t + have + V3 |
(?) | (?) Have/ has + S + V3...? | (?) Had + S + V3 ...? | (?) Will + S + have + V3 |
PASSIVE | have/ has been V3 | had been V3 | will have been V3 |
USAGES | vừa mới xảy ra, không đề cập rõ thời gian. I have just seen a ghost. kéo dài từ QK đến hiện tại We’ve learned English for 5 years. đã xảy ra, lặp lại một số lần I have watched this film 4 times | xảy ra trước 1 thời điểm hoặc một hành động khác trong quá khứ I had finished my research on air compressors by 8.00 last night. (Mình đã hoàn thành nghiên cứu về máy nén khí trước 8.00 tối qua) I had finished my research on air compressors before I went to bed. ((Mình đã hoàn thành nghiên cứu về máy nén khí trước 8.00 khi mình đi ngủ.) | xảy ra trước một hành động khác trong tương lai I will have finished my homework before 8 o’clock. |
SIGNALS | -already, lately, recently, up to now, -ever, never, just, so far, until now, yet, -How long, since SV2, for, not (never) ….before -It is the first time/second time -Once/twice/3,4 times - In/Over the last/past..... years | Sau after, trước before, After S had V3 Before/by the time SV2 When, xảy ra trước quá khứ. | By/ before + Time (tương lai: next, tomorrow |
TENSES | Present Perfect Continuous (HTHTTD) Have been Ving | Past Perfect Continuous (QKHTTD) Had been Ving | Future Perfect Continuous (TLHTTD) Will have been Ving |
(+) | (+) S + have/ has + BEEN+Ving | (+) S + had + BEEN+Ving | +) S + will have + BEEN+Ving |
(-) | (-) S + have/ has not + BEEN+Ving | (-) S + hadn’t + BEEN + Ving | (-) S + won’t have + BEEN +Ving |
(?) | (?) Have/ has + S + BEEN +Ving? | (?) Had + S + BEEN + Ving? | (?) Will + S + have + BEEN + Ving? |
PASSIVE | have/ has been BEING V3 | had been BEING V3 | will have been BEING V3 |
USAGES | GIỐNG HHHT NHƯNG 1. Nhấn mạnh thời gian kéo dài tới hiện tại He has been waiting for her for 3 hours. 2. Nhấn mạnh hậu quả không mong muốn ở hiện tại A: Your hand is durty. B:I have been fixing my bike. | GIỐNG QKHT NHƯNG 1. Nhấn mạnh thời gian kéo dài trước một thời điểm QK By the end of last month, he had been teaching here for 30 years. 2. Nhấn mạnh hậu quả không mong muốn ở QK | GIỐNG TLHT NHƯNG Nhấn mạnh thời gian kéo dài trước một thời điểm TL By the end of last month, he will have been teaching here for 30 years. 8 o’clock. |
When I got to the station, John _________ ,and I didn’t see him.
A. left B. was leaving C. had left D. has left
When John _________ here tomorrow, I _________ you.
A. arrives/call B. will arrive/will call C. arrives/will call D. is arriving/will be calling
When you _________ here at this time tomorrow, I _________ the room up.
A. comes/will tidy B. come/will be tidying C. will come/will be tidying D. come/will have tidied
When you _________ here by this time tomorrow, I _________ the room up.
A. come/will have tidied B. come/will be tidying
C. will come/will have tidied D. are coming/have tidied
When it rains heavily, John usually _________ at home.
A. stay B. will stay C. stays D. will be staying
When it rained heavily, John usually _________ at home.
A. stays B. stayed C. was staying D. had stayed
When I got to the station, I _________ John.
A. met B. had met C. was meeting D. have met
When I got to the station, John _________ for me for 10 minutes.
A. has been waiting B. had been waiting C. was waiting D. is waiting
When I got to the station, John _________ in a coffee shop.
A. sat B. was sitting C. had sat D. is sitting
I _________ on the street when it rained.
A. was walking B. have been working C. had worked D. walked
John _________ anything since yesterday.
A. didn’t say B. hasn’t said C. has said D. said
In a few days, there _________ an important meeting.
A. will have B. is C. will be D. is having
How many questions _________ you _________ so far?
A. do/answer B. will/answer C. did/answer D. have/ answered
This is the best book I _________
A. have ever read it B. have ever read C. have readed D. read
That was the most interesting story I _________
A. have ever listened B. had ever listened C. had ever listened to D. listened to it
The police caught the thief who _________ John’s motorcycle.
A. had stolen B. had been stolen C. stole D. was stolen
When I looked out of the door, I found that my motorcycle _________
A. was stolen B. had been stolen C. has been stolen D. had stolen
This is the first time I _________ Hanoi.
A. visited B. am visiting C. have visited D. will visit
Right now, I _________ some help. What are you doing? Can you give me a hand?
A. am needing B. need C. will need D. have needed
Last night, while I _________ a letter, the phone _________
A. was writing/was ringing B. wrote/was ringing C. wrote/rang D. was writing/rang
At this time yesterday, Mr. and Mrs. Brown’s daughter _________ the floor.
A. were cleaning B. cleaned C. was cleaning D. had been cleaning
In two weeks, we _________ our vacation in Ha Long Bay.
A. have spent B. will have spent C. would have spent D. spent
In the last two weeks, we _________ our vacation in Ha Long Bay.
A. had spent B. have spent C. would have spent D. spent
Why _________ you always _________ with each other? I’m not pleased with you at all.
A. did/ argue B. have/ been arguing C. are/arguing D. do/argue
(QG 2020) Mary has been financially independent since she ______ to work.
A. went out B. will go out C. was going out D. would go out
(QG 2020) He won’t understand what the responsibilities of a father are ______.
A. until he has his first child B. after he had had his first child
C. as soon as he had his first child D. once he had his first child.
(QG 2020) You will not know who your true friend is ______.
A. after you had had trouble and needed help B. when you were having trouble and needing help
C. until you have trouble and need help D. as soon as you had trouble and needed help
(QG 2020) The air quality in this area has improved a lot since that factory ______.
A. was closing B. would close C. closed D. will close
(QG 2019) The teacher entered the room while the students______ their plan for the excursion.
A. discuss B. were discussing C. discussed D. are discussing
(QG 2019) Linda took great photos of butterflies while she ______ in the forest.
A. is hiking B. was hiking C. hiked D. had hiked
(QG 2019) She hurt herself while she ______ hide-and-seek with her friends.
A. was playing B. played C. is playing D. had played
- (QG 2019) The children______ their kites in the field when it started to rain heavily.
- A. are flying B. will fly C. would fly D. were flying
- (QG 2019) The little boy took an instant liking to his baby sitter _______.
- A. upon their first meeting B. before he first met her
- C. prior to their first meeting D. as soon as he meets her
- (QG 2019) _______, they got on well with each other.
- A. To quarrel a lot like siblings at their age B. But most siblings at their age quarrel a lot
- C. While most siblings at their age quarrel a lot D. For most siblings to quarrel a lot at their age
